я следующий кусок кода:Зачем мне нужно инициализировать динамически выделенный массив во время выделения с помощью()?
#include <cassert>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
class Line
{
public:
Line(const char* c)
{
len = std::strlen(c);
text = new char[len + 1]();
std::strncpy(text, c, len);
}
Line& operator=(const Line& rhs)
{
if (&rhs == this) return *this;
delete[] text;
text = new char[rhs.getLen()]();
std::strncpy(text, rhs.getText(), rhs.getLen());
return *this;
}
Line(const Line& rhs)
{
len = rhs.getLen();
text = new char[rhs.getLen() + 1]();
std::strncpy(text, rhs.getText(), len);
}
~Line()
{
delete[] text;
}
unsigned getLen() const
{
return len;
}
char* getText() const
{
return text;
}
private:
char* text;
unsigned len;
};
// operator overloads
const Line operator*(const Line& lhs, const Line& rhs)
{
unsigned newLen = lhs.getLen() + rhs.getLen();
char* newC = new char[newLen + 1]();
std::strncat(newC, lhs.getText(), lhs.getLen());
std::strncat(newC, rhs.getText(), rhs.getLen());
Line line(newC);
delete[] newC;
return line;
}
bool operator==(const Line& lhs, const Line& rhs)
{
return strcmp(lhs.getText(), rhs.getText()) == 0;
}
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Line& l)
{
os << l.getText();
return os;
}
int main(void)
{
Line l("hello");
Line l2("hello");
Line r("world");
Line x = l * r;
assert(strcmp("hello", l.getText()) == 0);
assert(strcmp("helloworld", x.getText()) == 0);
assert(l == l2);
assert(!(r == l2));
std::cout << l << '\n';
std::cout << r << '\n';
std::cout << x << '\n';
}
Без скобки в строке:
text = new char[len + 1];
я получу утверждать на линии
assert(strcmp("helloworld", x.getText()) == 0);
a.out: main.cpp:83: int main(): Assertion `strcmp("hello", l.getText()) == 0' failed.
И без утверждаю Я получу ошибку дезинфицирующего средства:
==29167==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x60200000eff6 at pc 0x7f0f48d679cb bp 0x7fffb3df3820 sp 0x7fffb3df2fd0
READ of size 7 at 0x60200000eff6 thread T0
#0 0x7f0f48d679ca in __interceptor_strlen (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.2+0x6d9ca)
#1 0x7f0f48a9f938 in std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*) (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6+0xb2938)
#2 0x40114a in operator<<(std::ostream&, Line const&) /home/XXX/programming/c/XXX/main.cpp:72
#3 0x401276 in main /home/XXX/programming/c/XXX/main.cpp:88
#4 0x7f0f48432ec4 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x21ec4)
#5 0x400ed8 (/home/XXX/programming/c/XXX/a.out+0x400ed8)
0x60200000eff6 is located 0 bytes to the right of 6-byte region [0x60200000eff0,0x60200000eff6)
allocated by thread T0 here:
#0 0x7f0f48d8f30a in operator new[](unsigned long) (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.2+0x9530a)
#1 0x4014fd in Line::Line(char const*) /home/XXX/programming/c/XXX/main.cpp:11
#2 0x40121d in main /home/XXX/programming/c/XXX/main.cpp:78
#3 0x7f0f48432ec4 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x21ec4)
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow ??:0 __interceptor_strlen
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
0x0c047fff9da0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9db0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9dc0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9dd0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9de0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 00 03
=>0x0c047fff9df0: fa fa fd fd fa fa 06 fa fa fa 06 fa fa fa[06]fa
0x0c047fff9e00: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9e10: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9e20: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9e30: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c047fff9e40: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
Addressable: 00
Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Heap left redzone: fa
Heap right redzone: fb
Freed heap region: fd
Stack left redzone: f1
Stack mid redzone: f2
Stack right redzone: f3
Stack partial redzone: f4
Stack after return: f5
Stack use after scope: f8
Global redzone: f9
Global init order: f6
Poisoned by user: f7
Container overflow: fc
Array cookie: ac
Intra object redzone: bb
ASan internal: fe
==29167==ABORTING
Зачем нужна инициализация этой памяти? (эквивалент использования std::fill
)
[? Operator новый инициализирует память к нулю] (http://stackoverflow.com/a/7546745/14065) –